Coffee-mill



(No l`glodel.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.V Y Y C. 8v E. H. MRGAN. COFFEE MILL.

Y No. 425,815.

Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

(No Model.) Y 3 sh'eets-sheet 3.

o. an E. H. MORGAN.

, GOFFEE MILL.

No. 425.815. Patented Apr.. 15', 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

Y OI'IARLES MORGAN AND EDGAR H. MORGAN, OF FREEPORT, ILLINOIS.

COFFEE-MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,815, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed January 25, 1890. Serial No. 338,118. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES MORGAN and EDGAR H. MORGAN, residents of Freeport, in the county ot'vStephenson and State of Illinois, have invented certain 'new and useful Improvements in Coffee-Mills; and We do hereby declare the -following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to .improvements in grinding-mills of the particular class known as side mills or mills adapted to be secured in position upon a vertical wall.

T he invention is fully described in this specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l isa view of our improved mill, partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation, the plane of section ot' the body of the mill being through the line X X in Fig. 2 and the plane of section of the crank or handle H being through the line X X', Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a view partly in top -plan and partly in horizontal section, the plane of section being throughY the line X X Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the back plate ot' the mill and hopper of the mill, the lview being in the direction indicated by the arrow 3, Fig. l.

In the views, A is a back plate, having the outline shown in Fig. 3, the plate being provided with a lateral extension A for fastening it to a suitable support, and with a semicylindrical neck d formed on its upper margin. The front plate B is connected with the back plate A by hooks h, formed on the lower margin of the front plate and passing through openings 0 in the back plate, and is provided at its upper margin with a semi-cylindrical neck h, which, together with the neck a of the back plate, forms anv approximately complete rim. The neck a has at its upper outer edge an annular flange o', beneath which is a second flange a, the two flanges being separated by a V-shaped groove, and the neckV o of the front plate is provided with iianges o h, corresponding in position to the lianges a o of the bac-k plate, and, like them, separated by a V-shaped groove. v The grooves in the d b and holds the two parts together.

t rotation progresses.

two parts a b form, practically, a single continuous groove, and the two flanges a b above the groove form a ledge which is continuous, except for two oppositelyplaced notches n, formed in its edges. Upon the frame formed by the front plato and the back plate rests a hopper O, whose lower circular end encircles the ring formed by the necks Upon the lowerv margin of the hopper are formed two internal lugs c, of such form and position that they may be simultaneously passed downward through the notches '1t in the ange b until they rest upon the flange h. The

hopper may then be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 2 in Fig. 2 until the lugs reach the position shown in said figure,

when they are both held securely in the continuous groove between the flanges formed upon the necks a o of the front plate and back plate. The two semi-cylindrical necks are so placed as to be slightly eccentric with reference to each other, and the rotation of the hopper after its lugs are passed through the notches n draws the two parts of the neck together with a force which increases as the At the same time the shape of the annular groove in which the lugs are seated is such that as the rotation of the hopper proceeds the lugs are drawn downward until they are pressed firmly against the flange a b, forming the lower boundary of the groove. It will thus be seen that the rotation of the hopper, in the manner described, not only draws the upper ends of the front and back plates firmly together, but also draws the hopper downward upon the said plates, and thereby fastens the three parts iirmly together, forming a single simple, strong, and compact frame.

The central portion of the front plate B is made up of a conical grinding-shell B', formed 1 IOC their vanishing-point, which is near the outer or larger margin of each of the two grinding-` .hook h are integral parts of the same casting and form a part of the compactlyunited frame made by connecting the two plates and the hopper in the manner above set forth.

Vithin the grinding-shell B', and concentric therewith, is a freely-rotating cone D,

having on its outer surface suitable grinding teeth or ridges T', and on the apex of the cone is formed a horizontal shaft or spindle D', journaled within and projecting beyond the sleeve S, formed orf the grinding-shelL 'The outer end of the spindle D' is non-cylindrical in form, and a crank or handle l-I is connected therewith by means of a hub H', formed on the handle and conforming to the shape of the spindle. A screw s projects from the end of thespindle, and a nut N engages the screw and draws the spindle and grinding-cone outward, thereby regulating the space between the grinding-faces of the shell B and the cone. The nutN is inclosed bya guard N', formed at its inner end with a transverse flange n', in which is an opening conforming to the shape of the nut. Upon the outer end of the nut is formed -a flange fn", and between the flanges 'n' n" is interposed a spring S", which presses the guard inward against the oiiter end of the hub H' and the handle. A series of notches n are formed ou the inner margin of the guard N', each of said notches being adapted t0 engage a lug L, formed upon the outer end of the hub H', and thereby locking the nut N and the hub H together. When it is desired to rotate the nut, the guard may be drawn outward sufficiently. to release its notches from the lug L, and the nut may then be turned in either direction for the purpose of increasing or decreasing the distance between the grinding-shell and cone, and when the nut has been rotated suiiiciently the guard may be released, when the spring S" forces it inward and causes one of its notches to engage with the lug L, thereby relooking the nut to the hub Il' and handle H. The eect of this lock is evidently to prevent accidental rotation of the nut with reference to the handle, and the adjustment of the mill cannot therefore be disturbed by any accidental dis-.

placement of the nut arising from the jar caused by the operation of the mill.

In order to provide for the complete pulverizing of the grains of coee or other mate rial passing through the mill, We have formed the grinding cone and shell with the annular marginal pulverizingsection P illustrated in Figs. l and 2. This pulverizing-section is made up of two approximately smooth surfaces formed on the shell and cone, respectively, and so placed as to be in almost absolute contact when the mill is so regulated as to effect the particularly-line grinding or pul-v verization which is often required. ln order to form this surface, the grinding teeth or ridgesTT' are cast at the smaller ends of the shell and cone and diminish gradually toward surfaces. The smooth annular surface upon each of the grinding-surfaces is,Y preferably at such an` angle that any of itsele'ments, if produced, will bisect the' space between the cone and shell, though this particular position is not absolutely essential. The effect of the contact of the two smoothsurfaces on the margins ,of the grinding partsis not only to provide for the complete pulverization of matei rial, `but also to permit the close running of the parts without any wear of the grindingsurfaces upon each other, so thatin fact the mill maybe very closely adjusted and run perfectly empty without 'any material interference of the grinding-surfaces. l

In` actual practice it is evident that when the two smooth surfaces aredrawn i closeA together, as they may beby means of, theregulating-nut N,no material `can pass over the space between the cone andshell and escape through thespout S' until` it is ground to a line powder, and we have foundthat by means of this constructionweare ableto grind coffee to analmostimpalpable powder.

The operation of the entire mill is perfectly evident from theforegoing.description ofthe,

parts, but may bev briefly recapitulaterh` Cof fee or other material placed gin, the,hopper C is admitted -to Ithe space -between the .cone and shell throughthaneck. b of Athe front plate, the entrance of'any of thematerial to the .space between thetcone, and the back plate A being prevented byilneans o f alip I upon the inner` margin of the neck a of the back plate.` 'The rotation of I the cone vby IOO means of the handle 4H grindsthe coifee. ,or

other material and allows i'tfto escape. .through the spout S', the Vinness.to-which,Y the material is ground` being, .regulated-i `by the.v adjustment of the 'coneL `in lthe manner v`hereinbefore set forth. y

The rear face of the extension Ai of` the backplate is preferablyoblique 4with reference tothe `plane of the back/plate proper, in order that the grinding parts may beset out suiiiciently to permit the use of a roundV hopper instead of a. flat-sided .hopper` as.

usually employed hitherto Vin side mills. This is of coursenot an. essential feature in the construction, though it adds yto vthe conveniencewith which the `mill canbe attached to4 a suitablesupport.

' It is evident that, many` ofythe details `of construction `of the deviceillustrated may be varied without departing from p the principle or essence;` of our. inventiom and.` we .desire therefore no t to limit-theinventionto .such i precise forms; or, to `the combination of lany or allof. them. `j Having nowdescribed andexplained i our invention, what ywe I,clairnas new,` and desire Vto secure by Letters Patent, is-f l 1. Ina vmillof the `islassxlescri|oe,d,the ,combination, `'with ,ag- .bacl, .platejpioiiided with means forattahilg'ii'to suitableisupport and v having ,at .its ,upper` ,end a segmentalneck, of @front Plat@ Vr 1r0ri l r kwith @sinner grinding- IIO 425,815 l I s surface and having at its upper end a segmental neck, forming with the neck of the back plate an approximately y? pl-ctc ci.cle, and a hopper having a circular lower end adapted to encircle said neck and bind its parts together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with a back plate provided With means for fastening it to a suitable support, of a front plate interlocked at its lower end with the back vplate and provided w'ith an inner grinding-surface, and a hopper locking together the upper ends of said plates and forming therewith the frame of the mill, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the back plate A, having an extension A and a semi-cylindrical neck d, of the front plate B, provided with hooks 71 interlocking with the plate A and the semi-cylindrical neck l), and the hopper C, whose circular lower end encircles and binds together the two semi-cylindrical necks a, b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with t'reback platA, having a semi-cylindrical neck a, provided with the flanges a a, separated by a V-shaped annular groove, and the front plate B, having a semi-cylindrical neck Z), provided with the flanges b b, separated by an annular V- shaped groove continuous with the groove in the back plate, of the hopper C, formed with the marginal lugs c, adapted to pass downward through the notches fn in the flange b and to be rotated into positions in the V- shaped groove, thereby drawing the parts of the neck together and drawing the hopper downward upon the iiange a b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 5.' In a mill of the class described, the combination, with a grinding-shell having its axis horizontal, of a grinding-cone conforming substantially to the said shell and provided with a horizontal shaft br spindle journaled in a bearing formed on tlhe shell and provided with a terminal screw-threaded bolt, a crank or handle mounted on said spindle, anda nut engaging said screw-threaded bolt, a guard inelosing said nut and formed at its inner end with notches engaging a lug upon the crank or handle, and a spring interposed between the nut and guard and tending to hold the notches of the guard in engagement with the lug upon the handle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the hopper, the front plate B, formed with a grinding-shell B and neck b, and the grinding-conc D, lying within said shell, of the back plate A, provided with a neck a, having the lip Z extending over the space between the margin of the cone and the face of the back plate, thereby preventing the admission of unground material to the space between the cone and back plate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES MGRGAN. EDGAR l-l. MORGAN.

lVitnesses:

R. I-I. WILES, ALFRED ZAPF. 

